diff --git a/frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js b/frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js
index 1911b2e1..076967dc 100644
--- a/frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js
+++ b/frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js
@@ -3,12 +3,43 @@
 // Returns `{ country_code, country, org, asn }` on success. Returns `null` on
 // every failure path (no MaxMind source, network error, malformed
 // upstream payload) so callers don't have to disambiguate.
+// Lookups are deduped module-wide by ip+lang: the WebRTC test resolves the
+// same public IP from several STUN servers and each one triggers a lookup —
+// they all share one request, and successful results are cached for the
+// session (geo data doesn't change mid-visit). Failures are not cached, so a
+// transient error stays retryable.
 
-import { useMainStore } from '@/store';
+// Relative imports (not the @ alias) keep this file importable from the Node
+// test runner, same as the other spec-covered composables.
+import { useMainStore } from '../store.js';
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n';
-import { fetchWithTimeout } from '@/utils/fetch-with-timeout.js';
-import { transformDataFromIPapi } from '@/utils/transform-ip-data.js';
-import getCountryName from '@/data/country-name.js';
+import { fetchWithTimeout } from '../utils/fetch-with-timeout.js';
+import { transformDataFromIPapi } from '../utils/transform-ip-data.js';
+import getCountryName from '../data/country-name.js';
+
+// key → resolved result (successes only) / key → in-flight promise.
+const lookupCache = new Map();
+const pendingLookups = new Map();
+
+// Pure dedup wrapper (exported for tests): concurrent calls with the same key
+// await the same doLookup() run; non-null results are cached permanently.
+export const dedupedLookup = async (key, doLookup) => {
+    if (lookupCache.has(key)) return lookupCache.get(key);
+    const pending = pendingLookups.get(key);
+    if (pending) return pending;
+
+    const promise = (async () => {
+        const result = await doLookup();
+        if (result !== null) lookupCache.set(key, result);
+        return result;
+    })();
+    pendingLookups.set(key, promise);
+    try {
+        return await promise;
+    } finally {
+        pendingLookups.delete(key);
+    }
+};
 
 export function useMaxmind() {
     const store = useMainStore();
@@ -22,23 +53,26 @@ export function useMaxmind() {
         // ip-api.com style locale tag — same mapping the legacy call sites used.
         const apiLang = lang === 'zh' ? 'zh-CN' : lang;
 
-        try {
-            const url = store.getDbUrl(source.id, ip, apiLang);
-            const response = await fetchWithTimeout(url);
-            const data = await response.json();
-            const ipData = transformDataFromIPapi(data, source.id, t, lang);
-            if (!ipData) return null;
-            const country_code = (ipData.country_code || '').toLowerCase();
-            const country = country_code
-                ? getCountryName(ipData.country_code, lang)
-                : '';
-            // Upstream reports unknown ASN as the literal 'N/A' — normalize to ''.
-            const asn = ipData.asn && ipData.asn !== 'N/A' ? ipData.asn : '';
-            return { country_code, country, org: ipData.isp || '', asn };
-        } catch (error) {
-            console.error('useMaxmind lookup failed', error);
-            return null;
-        }
+        // `country` below is localized, so the cache key must carry the lang.
+        return dedupedLookup(`${ip}|${lang}`, async () => {
+            try {
+                const url = store.getDbUrl(source.id, ip, apiLang);
+                const response = await fetchWithTimeout(url);
+                const data = await response.json();
+                const ipData = transformDataFromIPapi(data, source.id, t, lang);
+                if (!ipData) return null;
+                const country_code = (ipData.country_code || '').toLowerCase();
+                const country = country_code
+                    ? getCountryName(ipData.country_code, lang)
+                    : '';
+                // Upstream reports unknown ASN as the literal 'N/A' — normalize to ''.
+                const asn = ipData.asn && ipData.asn !== 'N/A' ? ipData.asn : '';
+                return { country_code, country, org: ipData.isp || '', asn };
+            } catch (error) {
+                console.error('useMaxmind lookup failed', error);
+                return null;
+            }
+        });
     };
 
     return { lookupMaxmind };
diff --git a/tests/composable-maxmind.test.js b/tests/composable-maxmind.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1130f488
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/composable-maxmind.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Tests for the module-level lookup dedup in
+// frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js: concurrent same-key calls share one
+// doLookup run, successful results cache for the session, null results and
+// rejections stay retryable. Each test uses its own keys — the cache is
+// module-global and never reset.
+//
+// Importing the composable pulls in the real Pinia store, which needs the
+// same globalThis stubs as store.test.js — installed before the import below.
+
+globalThis.localStorage = {
+  _data: {},
+  getItem(k) { return this._data[k] ?? null; },
+  setItem(k, v) { this._data[k] = v; },
+  removeItem(k) { delete this._data[k]; },
+  clear() { this._data = {}; },
+};
+globalThis.window = {
+  location: { search: '' },
+  addEventListener() {},
+  innerWidth: 1024,
+};
+globalThis.document = {
+  addEventListener() {},
+  title: '',
+  querySelector() { return null; },
+  // @vue/runtime-dom (pulled in by vue-i18n) creates a <template> container
+  // at module scope — a bare object satisfies the import-time call.
+  createElement() { return {}; },
+  documentElement: { classList: { toggle() {} } },
+};
+
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test';
+
+const { dedupedLookup } = await import('../frontend/composables/use-maxmind.js');
+
+describe('dedupedLookup — in-flight sharing', () => {
+  it('concurrent calls with the same key share one doLookup run', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    let release;
+    const gate = new Promise((resolve) => { release = resolve; });
+    const doLookup = async () => {
+      calls++;
+      await gate;
+      return { asn: 'AS1' };
+    };
+
+    const first = dedupedLookup('inflight-key', doLookup);
+    const second = dedupedLookup('inflight-key', doLookup);
+    release();
+    const [a, b] = await Promise.all([first, second]);
+
+    assert.equal(calls, 1);
+    assert.deepEqual(a, { asn: 'AS1' });
+    assert.equal(a, b); // same shared result object
+  });
+
+  it('distinct keys run separate lookups', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const doLookup = async () => { calls++; return { asn: `AS${calls}` }; };
+
+    const [a, b] = await Promise.all([
+      dedupedLookup('distinct-key-1', doLookup),
+      dedupedLookup('distinct-key-2', doLookup),
+    ]);
+
+    assert.equal(calls, 2);
+    assert.notEqual(a.asn, b.asn);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('dedupedLookup — result caching', () => {
+  it('caches a non-null result for later calls', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const doLookup = async () => { calls++; return { asn: 'AS64500' }; };
+
+    const first = await dedupedLookup('cached-key', doLookup);
+    const second = await dedupedLookup('cached-key', doLookup);
+
+    assert.equal(calls, 1);
+    assert.equal(second, first);
+  });
+
+  it('does not cache null — a failed lookup is retried', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const doLookup = async () => {
+      calls++;
+      return calls === 1 ? null : { asn: 'AS64501' };
+    };
+
+    assert.equal(await dedupedLookup('null-key', doLookup), null);
+    assert.deepEqual(await dedupedLookup('null-key', doLookup), { asn: 'AS64501' });
+    assert.equal(calls, 2);
+  });
+
+  it('does not cache a rejection — the pending slot clears and retries', async () => {
+    let calls = 0;
+    const doLookup = async () => {
+      calls++;
+      if (calls === 1) throw new Error('boom');
+      return { asn: 'AS64502' };
+    };
+
+    await assert.rejects(() => dedupedLookup('reject-key', doLookup), /boom/);
+    assert.deepEqual(await dedupedLookup('reject-key', doLookup), { asn: 'AS64502' });
+    assert.equal(calls, 2);
+  });
+});