diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a7979ae..df95ca5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,21 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## v1.13.10
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+- Fixed `on_schema_change: sync_all_columns` and `sync_remove_only` on Delta
+  incremental models. Removed columns are now dropped with `ALTER TABLE ... DROP COLUMNS`
+  when the table already uses Delta column mapping, or when the new
+  `enable_column_mapping_on_drop` model config lets dbt enable it. Otherwise dbt
+  raises a compile error that explains both options, instead of the misleading
+  "Delta tables does not support dropping columns" error or a Spark syntax error.
+
+### Dependencies
+
+- Consolidated Dependabot dependency bumps: `nx` 23.1.2 → 23.3.0 (drops the transitive
+  `follow-redirects`) and `handlebars` 4.7.9 → 4.7.10 (#313, #312)
+
 ## v1.13.9
 
 ### Bug Fixes
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1af0943..059fd4b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -532,6 +532,30 @@ require Fabric Runtime 1.3 or newer.
 ) }}
 ```
 
+#### Dropping columns with `on_schema_change`
+
+`on_schema_change: sync_all_columns` and `sync_remove_only` drop target columns that
+are no longer in the model. Delta Lake can only drop columns when
+[column mapping](https://docs.delta.io/latest/delta-column-mapping.html) is enabled on
+the table (`delta.columnMapping.mode` = `name` or `id`):
+
+- If the table already uses column mapping, dbt drops the columns with `ALTER TABLE ... DROP COLUMNS`.
+- If it does not, set `enable_column_mapping_on_drop: true` to let dbt enable it
+  (`delta.columnMapping.mode = 'name'`) before the drop. This upgrades the table
+  protocol to at least reader version 2 / writer version 5, so older Delta readers can no
+  longer read the table; existing higher protocol versions are never downgraded.
+- Otherwise dbt raises a compile error that names both options.
+
+```sql
+{{ config(
+    materialized='incremental',
+    incremental_strategy='merge',
+    unique_key='id',
+    file_format='delta',
+    on_schema_change='sync_all_columns',
+    enable_column_mapping_on_drop=true
+) }}
+```
 ### Automatic OPTIMIZE
 
 Every write leaves small Parquet files behind inside a Delta table, and small-file
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index a1f3982..d9683d6 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
         "@types/node": "^20.4.4",
         "commander": "^11.0.0",
         "jest": "^30.2.0",
-        "nx": "23.1.2",
+        "nx": "23.3.0",
         "ts-jest": "^29.4.6",
         "ts-node": "^10.9.2",
         "tsx": "^4.7.1",
@@ -516,6 +516,36 @@
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT"
     },
+    "node_modules/@clack/core": {
+      "version": "1.4.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@clack/core/-/core-1.4.3.tgz",
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+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "fast-wrap-ansi": "^0.2.0",
+        "sisteransi": "^1.0.5"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 20.12.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@clack/prompts": {
+      "version": "1.7.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@clack/prompts/-/prompts-1.7.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-y7/yvZ2TPAnR9+jnc00klvNNLkJiXFFrQA/hlLCcxA9a2A4zQIOimyFQ9XfwYKiGD1fb5GY8vbKIIgO8d5Tb2A==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@clack/core": "1.4.3",
+        "fast-string-width": "^3.0.2",
+        "fast-wrap-ansi": "^0.2.0",
+        "sisteransi": "^1.0.5"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 20.12.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/@cspotcode/source-map-support": {
       "version": "0.8.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@cspotcode/source-map-support/-/source-map-support-0.8.1.tgz",
@@ -1474,9 +1504,9 @@
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@@ -1488,9 +1518,9 @@
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-darwin-x64/-/nx-darwin-x64-23.3.0.tgz",
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       "cpu": [
         "x64"
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@@ -1502,9 +1532,9 @@
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     "node_modules/@nx/nx-freebsd-x64": {
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-freebsd-x64/-/nx-freebsd-x64-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1516,9 +1546,9 @@
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-arm-gnueabihf/-/nx-linux-arm-gnueabihf-23.3.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-piMlCEI0tbHt1+QSgL8J1szlqBSGKV27nax8uvhTxleR2Evl3Kxa80BDIEObrUU3lz+AS4oKrcUHUeyJGPdCsQ==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -1530,9 +1560,9 @@
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     "node_modules/@nx/nx-linux-arm64-gnu": {
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-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-arm64-gnu/-/nx-linux-arm64-gnu-23.1.2.tgz",
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-arm64-gnu/-/nx-linux-arm64-gnu-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1547,9 +1577,9 @@
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     "node_modules/@nx/nx-linux-arm64-musl": {
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-arm64-musl/-/nx-linux-arm64-musl-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1564,9 +1594,9 @@
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-      "version": "23.1.2",
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-x64-gnu/-/nx-linux-x64-gnu-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1581,9 +1611,9 @@
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+      "version": "23.3.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-linux-x64-musl/-/nx-linux-x64-musl-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1598,9 +1628,9 @@
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@nx/nx-win32-arm64-msvc/-/nx-win32-arm64-msvc-23.3.0.tgz",
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@@ -1612,9 +1642,9 @@
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@@ -2191,29 +2221,6 @@
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-      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
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@@ -2303,26 +2310,6 @@
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@@ -2590,20 +2577,6 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/sindresorhus"
       }
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         "tmp": "0.2.7",
         "tsconfig-paths": "4.2.0",
         "tslib": "2.8.1",
+        "undici": "7.29.0",
         "util-deprecate": "1.0.2",
         "wcwidth": "1.0.1",
         "which": "3.0.1",
@@ -5100,16 +4778,16 @@
         "nx-cloud": "dist/bin/nx-cloud.js"
       },
       "optionalDependencies": {
-        "@nx/nx-darwin-arm64": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-darwin-x64": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-freebsd-x64": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-linux-arm64-gnu": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-linux-arm64-musl": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-linux-x64-gnu": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-linux-x64-musl": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-win32-arm64-msvc": "23.1.2",
-        "@nx/nx-win32-x64-msvc": "23.1.2"
+        "@nx/nx-darwin-arm64": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-darwin-x64": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-freebsd-x64": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-linux-arm64-gnu": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-linux-arm64-musl": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-linux-x64-gnu": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-linux-x64-musl": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-win32-arm64-msvc": "23.3.0",
+        "@nx/nx-win32-x64-msvc": "23.3.0"
       },
       "peerDependencies": {
         "@swc-node/register": "^1.11.1",
@@ -5193,9 +4871,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/nx/node_modules/brace-expansion": {
-      "version": "5.0.9",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-5.0.9.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ScQ4IuvIEF1TMlP7Zt+vjJ//9zlPb2SDcxWxM3bk8s6t6GGdJ7KO1dCcTidOPJKePW30LE/2cT7wCyPho9/Wxg==",
+      "version": "5.0.12",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-5.0.12.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-YovQ3rzhaLMIrDjNDMkNS01tea93qhEhG5xy8f6+R0l+dw3Ki+5sCoIoI942iuLZTHWogWktgwVDhU09iNEimQ==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
@@ -5229,9 +4907,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/nx/node_modules/semver": {
-      "version": "7.8.4",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-7.8.4.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-rUCObTnP32Q08R2uuIrt7r9PlEonuTmtuXYcW6s5kjdlj3xbnwe+21yXptAUYcMAABLkYYTtnmzb3w3EDZfueA==",
+      "version": "7.8.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/semver/-/semver-7.8.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Y7/KDsb8LjooZpwaqGyulO6DQlksgCncchHGk+sZIY4SBvUocMBEFH5Ur1fI4dV+Jvl0w6cjvucaIi40puRioA==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "ISC",
       "bin": {
@@ -5625,16 +5303,6 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/chalk/ansi-styles?sponsor=1"
       }
     },
-    "node_modules/proxy-from-env": {
-      "version": "2.1.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/proxy-from-env/-/proxy-from-env-2.1.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-cJ+oHTW1VAEa8cJslgmUZrc+sjRKgAKl3Zyse6+PV38hZe/V6Z14TbCuXcan9F9ghlz4QrFr2c92TNF82UkYHA==",
-      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "engines": {
-        "node": ">=10"
-      }
-    },
     "node_modules/pure-rand": {
       "version": "7.0.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pure-rand/-/pure-rand-7.0.1.tgz",
@@ -5828,6 +5496,13 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/sisteransi": {
+      "version": "1.0.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/sisteransi/-/sisteransi-1.0.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-bLGGlR1QxBcynn2d5YmDX4MGjlZvy2MRBDRNHLJ8VI6l6+9FUiyTFNJ0IveOSP0bcXgVDPRcfGqA0pjaqUpfVg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
     "node_modules/slash": {
       "version": "3.0.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/slash/-/slash-3.0.0.tgz",
@@ -5839,9 +5514,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/smol-toml": {
-      "version": "1.6.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/smol-toml/-/smol-toml-1.6.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-dWUG8F5sIIARXih1DTaQAX4SsiTXhInKf1buxdY9DIg4ZYPZK5nGM1VRIYmEbDbsHt7USo99xSLFu5Q1IqTmsg==",
+      "version": "1.9.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/smol-toml/-/smol-toml-1.9.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-hpd+HLON7HdZXqYchMM/+LaTTbdK0AU3NngIJ4KVyWbY9bfQqdL9cD+4yf6dUoU2Ap4VsU0JkQi6FxAI1B2mXQ==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "BSD-3-Clause",
       "engines": {
@@ -6436,6 +6111,16 @@
         "node": ">=0.8.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/undici": {
+      "version": "7.29.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici/-/undici-7.29.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IDxfleLmmbSskfWSUATiN1nfn2rDuvnMOqb5CWR92iIfojA0Ud+ulOAAEQ57LPr9rWmsreUyf5lwyao+7GNNVw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=20.18.1"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/undici-types": {
       "version": "6.21.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici-types/-/undici-types-6.21.0.tgz",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 273fb6c..2a3ec39 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "@types/node": "^20.4.4",
     "commander": "^11.0.0",
     "jest": "^30.2.0",
-    "nx": "23.1.2",
+    "nx": "23.3.0",
     "ts-jest": "^29.4.6",
     "ts-node": "^10.9.2",
     "tsx": "^4.7.1",
diff --git a/src/dbt/adapters/fabricspark/__version__.py b/src/dbt/adapters/fabricspark/__version__.py
index 6efb1fc..9dbac01 100644
--- a/src/dbt/adapters/fabricspark/__version__.py
+++ b/src/dbt/adapters/fabricspark/__version__.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-version = "1.13.9"
+version = "1.13.10"
diff --git a/src/dbt/include/fabricspark/macros/adapters/columns.sql b/src/dbt/include/fabricspark/macros/adapters/columns.sql
index f557057..b5cf415 100644
--- a/src/dbt/include/fabricspark/macros/adapters/columns.sql
+++ b/src/dbt/include/fabricspark/macros/adapters/columns.sql
@@ -25,28 +25,60 @@
 {% macro fabricspark__alter_relation_add_remove_columns(relation, add_columns, remove_columns) %}
 
   {% if remove_columns %}
-    {% if relation.is_delta %}
-      {{ exceptions.raise_compiler_error('Delta tables does not support dropping columns from tables') }}
+    {% if relation.is_delta is false %}
+      {{ exceptions.raise_compiler_error('Dropping columns is only supported on Delta tables; ' ~ relation ~ ' is not a Delta table.') }}
     {% endif %}
+    {% do fabricspark__ensure_delta_column_mapping(relation) %}
   {% endif %}
 
-  {% if add_columns is none %}
-    {% set add_columns = [] %}
+  {% if add_columns %}
+    {% set sql -%}
+      alter {{ relation.type }} {{ relation }} add columns
+        {% for column in add_columns %}
+          {{ column.name }} {{ column.data_type }}{{ ',' if not loop.last }}
+        {% endfor %}
+    {%- endset -%}
+    {% do run_query(sql) %}
   {% endif %}
 
-  {% set sql -%}
+  {% if remove_columns %}
+    {% set sql -%}
+      alter {{ relation.type }} {{ relation }} drop columns (
+        {% for column in remove_columns %}
+          {{ adapter.quote(column.name) }}{{ ',' if not loop.last }}
+        {% endfor %}
+      )
+    {%- endset -%}
+    {% do run_query(sql) %}
+  {% endif %}
 
-     alter {{ relation.type }} {{ relation }}
+{% endmacro %}
 
-       {% if add_columns %} add columns {% endif %}
-            {% for column in add_columns %}
-               {{ column.name }} {{ column.data_type }}{{ ',' if not loop.last }}
-            {% endfor %}
-
-  {%- endset -%}
-
-  {% do run_query(sql) %}
+{#- Delta only drops columns when column mapping is on; enabling it upgrades the table protocol, so it is opt-in. -#}
+{% macro fabricspark__ensure_delta_column_mapping(relation) %}
+  {% set properties = {} %}
+  {% for row in run_query('show tblproperties ' ~ relation) %}
+    {% do properties.update({row[0]: row[1]}) %}
+  {% endfor %}
 
+  {% if properties.get('delta.columnMapping.mode', 'none') | lower in ['name', 'id'] %}
+  {% elif config.get('enable_column_mapping_on_drop', false) %}
+    {% set upgrades = ["'delta.columnMapping.mode' = 'name'"] %}
+    {% if properties.get('delta.minReaderVersion', '1') | int < 2 %}
+      {% do upgrades.append("'delta.minReaderVersion' = '2'") %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% if properties.get('delta.minWriterVersion', '2') | int < 5 %}
+      {% do upgrades.append("'delta.minWriterVersion' = '5'") %}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% do run_query('alter table ' ~ relation ~ ' set tblproperties (' ~ upgrades | join(', ') ~ ')') %}
+  {% else %}
+    {{ exceptions.raise_compiler_error(
+        'Dropping columns from Delta table ' ~ relation ~ ' requires Delta column mapping. '
+        ~ "Set enable_column_mapping_on_drop=true on the model to let dbt set delta.columnMapping.mode = 'name' "
+        ~ '(this upgrades the table protocol to at least reader version 2 / writer version 5, so older Delta readers can no longer read it), '
+        ~ "or run: ALTER TABLE " ~ relation ~ " SET TBLPROPERTIES ('delta.columnMapping.mode' = 'name', 'delta.minReaderVersion' = '2', 'delta.minWriterVersion' = '5')"
+    ) }}
+  {% endif %}
 {% endmacro %}
 
 {% macro fabricspark__alter_column_comment(relation, column_dict) %}
diff --git a/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_on_schema_change.py b/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_on_schema_change.py
index 49e82f8..ce46131 100644
--- a/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_on_schema_change.py
+++ b/tests/functional/adapter/incremental/test_incremental_on_schema_change.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import pytest
 from dbt.tests.adapter.incremental.test_incremental_on_schema_change import (
     BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChangeSetup,
 )
-from dbt.tests.util import run_dbt
+from dbt.tests.util import relation_from_name, run_dbt
 
 
 class IncrementalOnSchemaChangeIgnoreFail(BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChangeSetup):
@@ -56,22 +56,67 @@ class TestDeltaOnSchemaChange(BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChangeSetup):
     def run_incremental_sync_all_columns(self, project):
         select = "model_a incremental_sync_all_columns incremental_sync_all_columns_target"
         run_dbt(["run", "--models", select, "--full-refresh"])
-        # Delta Lake doesn"t support removing columns -- show a nice compilation error
         results = run_dbt(["run", "--models", select], expect_pass=False)
         assert "Compilation Error" in results[1].message
+        assert "enable_column_mapping_on_drop" in results[1].message
 
     def run_incremental_sync_remove_only(self, project):
         select = "model_a incremental_sync_remove_only incremental_sync_remove_only_target"
         run_dbt(["run", "--models", select, "--full-refresh"])
-        # Delta Lake doesn"t support removing columns -- show a nice compilation error
         results = run_dbt(["run", "--models", select], expect_pass=False)
         assert "Compilation Error" in results[1].message
+        assert "enable_column_mapping_on_drop" in results[1].message
 
     def test_run_incremental_append_new_columns(self, project):
-        # only adding new columns in supported
         self.run_incremental_append_new_columns(project)
-        # handling columns that have been removed doesn"t work on Delta Lake today
 
     def test_run_incremental_sync_all_columns(self, project):
         self.run_incremental_sync_all_columns(project)
         self.run_incremental_sync_remove_only(project)
+
+
+def _column_mapping_mode(project, name):
+    relation = relation_from_name(project.adapter, name)
+    rows = project.run_sql(f"show tblproperties {relation}", fetch="all")
+    return {row[0]: row[1] for row in rows}.get("delta.columnMapping.mode")
+
+
+class TestDeltaOnSchemaChangeEnableColumnMappingOnDrop(BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChangeSetup):
+    @pytest.fixture(scope="class")
+    def project_config_update(self):
+        return {
+            "models": {
+                "+file_format": "delta",
+                "+incremental_strategy": "merge",
+                "+unique_key": "id",
+                "+enable_column_mapping_on_drop": True,
+            }
+        }
+
+    def test_run_incremental_sync_all_columns(self, project):
+        self.run_incremental_sync_all_columns(project)
+        assert _column_mapping_mode(project, "incremental_sync_all_columns") == "name"
+
+    def test_run_incremental_sync_remove_only(self, project):
+        self.run_incremental_sync_remove_only(project)
+        assert _column_mapping_mode(project, "incremental_sync_remove_only") == "name"
+
+
+class TestDeltaOnSchemaChangeExistingColumnMapping(BaseIncrementalOnSchemaChangeSetup):
+    @pytest.fixture(scope="class")
+    def project_config_update(self):
+        return {
+            "models": {
+                "+file_format": "delta",
+                "+incremental_strategy": "merge",
+                "+unique_key": "id",
+                "+tblproperties": {
+                    "delta.columnMapping.mode": "name",
+                    "delta.minReaderVersion": "2",
+                    "delta.minWriterVersion": "5",
+                },
+            }
+        }
+
+    def test_run_incremental_sync_remove_only(self, project):
+        self.run_incremental_sync_remove_only(project)
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_columns_macros.py b/tests/unit/test_columns_macros.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..380a4e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/test_columns_macros.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import unittest
+from unittest import mock
+
+from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
+
+
+class CompilerError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class FakeRelation:
+    type = "table"
+
+    def __init__(self, is_delta=True):
+        self.is_delta = is_delta
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "lh.dbo.orders"
+
+
+class Column:
+    def __init__(self, name, data_type="string"):
+        self.name = name
+        self.data_type = data_type
+
+
+class TestAlterRelationAddRemoveColumns(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.queries = []
+        self.tblproperties = {}
+        self.config = {}
+
+        def run_query(sql):
+            sql = " ".join(str(sql).split())
+            self.queries.append(sql)
+            if sql.startswith("show tblproperties"):
+                return list(self.tblproperties.items())
+            return []
+
+        def raise_compiler_error(message):
+            raise CompilerError(message)
+
+        adapter = mock.Mock()
+        adapter.quote = lambda name: f"`{name}`"
+        config = mock.Mock()
+        config.get = lambda key, default=None: self.config.get(key, default)
+
+        env = Environment(
+            loader=FileSystemLoader("src/dbt/include/fabricspark/macros/adapters"),
+            extensions=["jinja2.ext.do"],
+        )
+        self.template = env.get_template(
+            "columns.sql",
+            globals={
+                "adapter": adapter,
+                "config": config,
+                "run_query": run_query,
+                "exceptions": mock.Mock(raise_compiler_error=raise_compiler_error),
+                "return": lambda value: value,
+            },
+        )
+
+    def _alter(self, add_columns=None, remove_columns=None, relation=None):
+        self.template.module.fabricspark__alter_relation_add_remove_columns(
+            relation or FakeRelation(), add_columns, remove_columns
+        )
+        return [q for q in self.queries if not q.startswith("show tblproperties")]
+
+    def test_add_only_emits_add_columns(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self._alter(add_columns=[Column("a"), Column("b", "int")]),
+            ["alter table lh.dbo.orders add columns a string, b int"],
+        )
+
+    def test_nothing_to_do_emits_no_statement(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self._alter(add_columns=[], remove_columns=[]), [])
+        self.assertEqual(self._alter(add_columns=None, remove_columns=None), [])
+
+    def test_remove_without_column_mapping_or_opt_in_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(CompilerError) as ctx:
+            self._alter(remove_columns=[Column("field2")])
+        self.assertIn("enable_column_mapping_on_drop", str(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertIn("lh.dbo.orders", str(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertEqual(self.queries, ["show tblproperties lh.dbo.orders"])
+
+    def test_remove_with_opt_in_enables_column_mapping_then_drops(self):
+        self.config["enable_column_mapping_on_drop"] = True
+        self.tblproperties = {"delta.minReaderVersion": "1", "delta.minWriterVersion": "2"}
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self._alter(add_columns=[Column("field5")], remove_columns=[Column("field2")]),
+            [
+                "alter table lh.dbo.orders set tblproperties ('delta.columnMapping.mode' = 'name', "
+                "'delta.minReaderVersion' = '2', 'delta.minWriterVersion' = '5')",
+                "alter table lh.dbo.orders add columns field5 string",
+                "alter table lh.dbo.orders drop columns ( `field2` )",
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_opt_in_never_downgrades_the_protocol(self):
+        self.config["enable_column_mapping_on_drop"] = True
+        self.tblproperties = {"delta.minReaderVersion": "3", "delta.minWriterVersion": "7"}
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self._alter(remove_columns=[Column("field2"), Column("field3")]),
+            [
+                "alter table lh.dbo.orders set tblproperties ('delta.columnMapping.mode' = 'name')",
+                "alter table lh.dbo.orders drop columns ( `field2`, `field3` )",
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def test_existing_column_mapping_drops_without_opt_in(self):
+        for mode in ("name", "id", "NAME"):
+            with self.subTest(mode=mode):
+                self.queries.clear()
+                self.tblproperties = {"delta.columnMapping.mode": mode}
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    self._alter(remove_columns=[Column("field2")]),
+                    ["alter table lh.dbo.orders drop columns ( `field2` )"],
+                )
+
+    def test_column_mapping_mode_none_still_requires_opt_in(self):
+        self.tblproperties = {"delta.columnMapping.mode": "none"}
+        with self.assertRaises(CompilerError):
+            self._alter(remove_columns=[Column("field2")])
+
+    def test_remove_on_non_delta_relation_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(CompilerError) as ctx:
+            self._alter(remove_columns=[Column("field2")], relation=FakeRelation(is_delta=False))
+        self.assertIn("only supported on Delta tables", str(ctx.exception))
+        self.assertEqual(self.queries, [])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()