diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 076edcba17..75c7e8fa13 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2109,6 +2109,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "oxc_span",
  "phf",
  "pico-args",
+ "smallvec",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/Cargo.toml b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/Cargo.toml
index 4fcb0be122..053a73aa26 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ oxc_diagnostics = { workspace = true }
 oxc_formatter_core = { workspace = true }
 oxc_span = { workspace = true }
 phf = { workspace = true, features = ["macros"] }
+smallvec = { workspace = true }
 oxc-css-parser = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
diff --git a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/mod.rs b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/mod.rs
index a4a7eb05ce..d66fdece41 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/mod.rs
@@ -82,13 +82,24 @@ pub fn normalize_whitespace(raw: &str) -> String {
 /// Mirrors Prettier's `maybeToLowerCase`.
 /// Lowercase unless the identifier contains variable/interpolation markers.
 pub fn write_maybe_lowercase<'a>(value: &'a str, f: &mut CssFormatter<'_, 'a>) {
-    if value.contains('$')
-        || value.contains('@')
-        || value.contains('#')
+    // One pass over the (short) identifier, rather than a search per marker
+    let (mut open, mut close, mut upper) = (false, false, false);
+    for b in value.bytes() {
+        match b {
+            b'$' | b'@' | b'#' => {
+                write!(f, text(value));
+                return;
+            }
+            b'(' => open = true,
+            b')' => close = true,
+            _ => upper |= b.is_ascii_uppercase(),
+        }
+    }
+    if !upper
+        || (open && close)
         || value.starts_with('%')
         || value.starts_with("--")
         || value.starts_with(":--")
-        || (value.contains('(') && value.contains(')'))
     {
         write!(f, text(value));
         return;
diff --git a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/value.rs b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/value.rs
index 0e3426674e..18296c60b0 100644
--- a/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/value.rs
+++ b/crates/oxc_formatter_css/src/print/value.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 
 use cow_utils::CowUtils;
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
 
 use oxc_allocator::Allocator;
 use oxc_css_parser::{
@@ -513,10 +514,11 @@ impl ValueContext<'_> {
 /// Each group is paired with the start offset of the comma that follows it (`None` for the last group):
 /// comments between a group and its comma stay BEFORE the comma (`a /* c */, b`),
 /// so group printers need the boundary.
+/// Inline up to 4 groups: most values have one.
 pub(super) fn split_comma_groups<'b, 'a>(
     values: &'b [ComponentValue<'a>],
-) -> Vec<(&'b [ComponentValue<'a>], Option<u32>)> {
-    let mut groups = vec![];
+) -> SmallVec<[(&'b [ComponentValue<'a>], Option<u32>); 4]> {
+    let mut groups = SmallVec::new();
     let mut start = 0;
     let mut depth = 0i32;
     for (i, v) in values.iter().enumerate() {
@@ -534,10 +536,9 @@ pub(super) fn split_comma_groups<'b, 'a>(
             start = i + 1;
         }
     }
-    groups.push((&values[start..], None));
-    // A trailing comma produces an empty last group; Prettier drops it
-    if groups.len() > 1 && groups.last().is_some_and(|(g, _)| g.is_empty()) {
-        groups.pop();
+    // A trailing comma would leave an empty last group; Prettier drops it
+    if groups.is_empty() || start < values.len() {
+        groups.push((&values[start..], None));
     }
     groups
 }
@@ -2286,12 +2287,11 @@ pub(super) fn write_function<'a>(
     let name_span = to_span(func.name.span());
     write!(f, text(source.text_for(&name_span)));
 
-    let groups = split_comma_groups(&func.args);
-
     if func.args.is_empty() {
         write!(f, ["(", ")"]);
         return;
     }
+    let groups = split_comma_groups(&func.args);
 
     // `url(...)` as a function (e.g. `url(if(...))`): parens hug the content,
     // no break opportunities of their own (Prettier's `isURLFunctionNode`).